UNCONDITIONAL IMMORTALITY
OR
RESURRECTION OF THE DEAD
ISBN 0-7414-4620-0
William
Robert West
Author
of ÒThe Rapture And IsraelÓ
Is "The Wages Of Sin Death"
Or
"Eternal Life With Torment In Hell"
An Immortal Soul and the
Doctrine of Hell
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Foreword
What
does the Bible say about an immortal soul and/or spirit? Nothing. Together soul and spirit are used almost 1,100 times in
the King James Version, but not one time is immortal even used in the same
verse with either one. Immortal and immortality are in the Old Testament zero
times, in the New Testament, immortal one time, immortality five times, all by
Paul. What does he say?
1. "Now unto
the King eternal, immortal" [1 Timothy 1:17].
2. Only God has
immortality [1 Timothy 6:16].
3. Christ
"abolished death and brought life and immortality to light through the
gospel" [2 Timothy 1:10].
4. "To them
(Christians) that...seek for glory and honor and immortality" [Romans
2:7].
5. "This
mortal must put on immortality" [1 Corinthians 15:53] at the resurrection.
6. "This
mortal shall have put on immortality" [1 Corinthians 15:54] after the
resurrection.
Why are we to
"seek for" that which we are born with? Why will we "put on
immortality" if the only part of us that will ever be immortal, has been
immortal from birth (or before birth)? The
fact that a person must "seek for...immortality" and immortality must
be "put on" at the resurrection is conclusive proof that a person
does not now have it. If Romans 2:7 and 1 Corinthians 15:53 teaches nothing
more, it teaches that no part of a person now possess immortality.
There are only two
views that are commonly believed about what will happen to mankind after death.
[One] That the soul of all will live
forever and cannot die, the soul of the lost must exist somewhere for all the
lost have eternal life and are not subject to the wages of sin which is death,
or [Two] the wages of sin is death
and the lost will die, they do not now have eternal life and never will.
1. [One]. The belief that everyone has a soul in them that will
live forever and cannot die, therefore, death is not the wages of sin. A person
has something in them that cannot die, cannot ever be destroyed; ALL ARE BORN
WITH ETERANL LIFE AND CAN NEVER DIE. This view has two major divisions.
o (A) That all
mankind has a "soul" that cannot ever die or be destroyed, but for
most of mankind God will forever torment this part of a person they call
"soul."
o (B)
Universalism: that all mankind has a "soul" that cannot ever die or
be destroyed, everyone has something in them that will live forever but
"it" will be saved. If this "soul" ["it"] is not
saved in this lifetime "it" will be saved after death.
2. [Two]. That the wages of sin is death. The lost will die the
second death; they will forever be destroyed. Those who do not believe this
view gave it the name "annihilation." This name is not in the Bible, but
what it means is eternal destruction, nevertheless, I think it best not to call
Bible teaching by a name not in the Bible.
o Most Protestant Premillennialists
believe the lost will be totally destroyed but there are two Premillennial
views on how or where the lost will be destroyed.
1. Many believe
that the distortion of the lost will be on this earth and the saved will
forever live on this earth; no person will ever be in Heaven. They believe the
Valley of Gehenna will be restored and the lost will literally be burn to ashes
in it.
2. Some Protestant
Premillennialists believe that the saved will be with Christ in Heaven, not on
earth after the thousand years; the second death will be the end of the lost,
but they are not burned too ashes on this earth.
o But then some Protestant
Premillennialists believe the lost cannot die and will be forever tormented by
God, which puts them in the camp of those that believe death is not the wages
of sin.
1. Some Protestant Premillennialists
believe [view one] the wages of sin
is eternal life with torment for the soul that cannot die.
2. Many Protestant Premillennialists
believe [view two] the wages of sin
is death.
-------------------------------------------------------
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If the soul or spirit
were immortal and could never die or be dead, how could there be a resurrection
of the dead? Do you believe in the resurrection of the dead? If yes, that will
be resurrected? Will your dead body be raised from the dead or do you believe a
soul that is not dead will be raised from the dead? When I first begin this
study, I was surprised and made to tremble at how few believed in the
resurrection and how many there are that do not really know what they believe
about it. Many believe some part of themselves will go to Heaven or Hell at
death without a resurrection, before the resurrection and Judgment Day and
before the second coming of Christ, but when asked what is the reason for the
resurrection, they not only do not know, but have never really thought about
it. Death is looked at as being a doorway to life in another form, that death
is not really death, and there is nowhere in their thoughts or in their faith
for a resurrection for their theology says no one is really dead. The
resurrection has been removed from the faith of many by today's theology that
some immortal part of a person will go to Heaven at the moment of death. BUT IS
THERE ANY LIFE AFTER DEATH BEFORE THE SECOND COMING OF CHRIST AND THE
RESURRECTION OF THE DEAD? Paul said at the resurrection, "This mortal must
put on immortality," but if the soul is now immortal, then what is it that
is now mortal that will put on immortality at the resurrection?
Many
reinterpretations have been made in the past, reinterpretations that are
historical facts and are believed by many today and have caused many of the
divisions we now have, and without doubt, many will make other
reinterpretations of many scriptures and many will accept them. About all
Protestants believe Purgatory to be a reinterpretation, and there are hundreds
more reinterpretations that are historical facts and are believed by many
today, but no one believes all to the hundreds of reinterpretations made in the
past. Most believe only a few of them, and all the many others they believe to
be the doctrine of man, not God. On what does anyone basic his or her belief
that most reinterpretations are not from God, but a few are from God? Going to
God's word is the only way anyone can know whether any teaching is from man or
if it is from the Bible.
Three past
reinterpretations are the subject of this study. These three are believed by
many today and have caused many of the divisions we now have.
1. The
reinterpretation of the nature of a person and "soul," that a person
has a part that is immortal and goes to Heaven or Hell at death. The general
confusion of soul and spirit. Are they both the same or are they two different
immortal parts of a person that one or both will live after the person is dead?
The resurrection versus an immortal soul that cannot die, therefore, needs no
resurrection.
2. The
reinterpretation of the wages of sin. "The wages of sin is death"
reinterpreted to be the wages of sin is an eternal life of torment in Hell for
an immortal soul that is not subject to death.
3. The
reinterpretation of the final destiny of a person. That the saved will forever
be with Jesus in Heaven is reinterpreted to be that Jesus will forever be with
the saved on this earth and no person will ever be in Heaven.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Table of Contents
AN
IMMORTAL SOUL OR RESURRECTION OF THE DEAD
By William West
CHAPTER ONE
- The reinterpretation of the nature of man - what is man?
SOUL IN THE OLD TESTAMENT
1. All
four times in Genesis 1, soul [nehphesh] is used referring to animals, not to a
person
2. The
same word is used for both man and animals in the same verse
3. The
"soul" and "eating of blood"
4. Animals
are "souls"
5. The
soul can be hungry, have an appetite, be thirsty, and eat meat
6. If
the soul can die, it cannot be immortal
7. All
the Old Testament words, which are translated spirit or soul are all used
referring to both man and animals
SOUL IN THE NEW TESTAMENT
1.
Passages in which soul means life and can
die, be killed, can perish
2.
Passages in which soul is used referring to
parts of the human body
3.
Passages in which soul is used referring to
a number of people
4.
Passages in which soul applies to God or
Christ
5.
Passages in which soul is used in symbolical
language
6.
Passages that in some way soul is connect
the spirit to the human mind
7.
The dying use of "soul"
8.
The soul is the earthly image of Adam
9.
The eighteen definitions of
"spirit" given by Vine - Vine on psukee [SOUL] and pneuma [SPIRIT]
Luke 8:55; Acts 7:59; Luke 24:37-39; 2 Corinthians 5:3-4; Hebrews 12:22-23
THE GREAT CONFUSION: Soul or spirit or both?
Which one is immortal? Where did the idea of an immortal soul originate?
[1] Passages in which many use
"spirit" as if it is the same as "soul"
1. The
spirits in prison
2. "For
the body apart from the spirit is dead"
[2] Passages in which "soul" is
used as if it is the same as "spirit"
3. Losing
life [soul] or saving life [soul]
4. "What
shall a man give [not sell] in exchange for his life"? Does losing the
soul save it?
5. Soul
required
6. God
is able to destroy both soul and body in Gehenna
7. Souls
under the altar
[3] Passages which do not have
"spirit" or "soul" in them but are used to prove man has an
immortal spirit or soul
1. The
theft on the cross
2. To
die is gain
3. To
depart and to be with the Lord
4. House
not made with hands
5. In
the body or out of the body
6. The
God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob
7. The
transfiguration: a resurrection or a vision?
8. God
will bring with Christ
9. "Everyone
who lives and believes in Me shall never die"
10.
Matthew 25:46: What is eternal, the
punishment or the punishing?
á Matthew
25:46 may be the #1 proof text for Hell
á Is
the only difference may be in what the punishment will be?
á
Eternal: (1) Eternal judgment (2) Eternal
redemption and eternal salvation (3) Eternal sin (4) Eternal fire (5) Eternal
destruction and eternal punishment
[3] Old Testament passages that are used to
prove man has an immortal soul and/or spirit at birth
á Made
in God's image
á The
breath of life
á A
living being
á Dying
you shall die. If Hell were Adam's sentence
á "Without
my flesh shall I see God"
á Shame
and everlasting contempt
á Please
explain how a spirit in Hell has returned to God?
á The
spirit of beast
á Life
departing and returning
á David's
son
á Gathered
to his people
á Samuel
or a demon?
What does the Bible say about immortality of
the soul?
THE MANY VIEWS OF "SOUL"
á [1]
The pagan view of reincarnation of the soul [2] The Catholic and Protestant view
[3] The hades view [4] The Universalist view [5] The resurrection to immortal
life on the restored earth [6] The Bible view
Historical Proof of the reinterpretation of
the Bible
á The
view of the church father on death
á Plato's
immortal soul and Christ's resurrection are not compatible
An abridgment from Miles Grant's
"Conditional Immortality" 1885
"It" or "me"
CHAPTER TWO:
Life or Death
á
LIFE: The gift of God is eternal life but
only to those in Christ: (1) Psukee [life] (2) Zoee [life]
á
DEATH: Salvation is from death, not from
torment for those who cannot die (1) "Wages of sin is death" (2) The
three steps to death (3) It is life or death, not reward or torment
á
The Bible is reinterpreted to teach that
which cannot be
á
Wages of sin is death, or wages of sin is an
eternal life of torment. It cannot be both
o Life,
Death, Die, Destruction, Destroy, Perish, Fire, Spiritual death, Sleep, Kills,
The missing words
á
Lose his life must be reinterpreted to mean
an everlasting life of torment
á
What the dead do not do
á
Unwilling to accept God's word
á
First resurrection, second death
á
Made alive at his coming, not at death
á
The sting of death
á
Is death an enemy or a gateway to Heaven?
á
What do they think will be destroyed?
á
"Life" has been reinterpreted to
mean "reward" and "death" to mean "life with
torment?"
á
Death to be "abolished"
á
If death is separation from God, is there
life without God?
CHAPTER THREE:
The reinterpretations of the great doctrines of the Bible
á The
reinterpretation of death of Christ: (a) Christ is our Passover (b) No atonement
(c) No New Covenant (d) Makes Christ's death be inadequate
á The
reinterpretation of second coming of Christ
á The
reinterpretation of resurrection of the dead from the grave
á The
reinterpretation of the wages of sin
á The
reinterpretation of the judgment day
á The
reinterpretation of death to be eternal life in Heaven or eternal life in Hell
á The
reinterpretation of asleep: Are the dead asleep or awake? (a)
á Gathered
to his people (b) The state of the dead (c) The awakening, wakening up at the
resurrection
á The
reinterpretation of Christ promised life to them that obey him
á The
reinterpretation of resurrection makes believing in the resurrection foolishness
á Unconditional
immortality
o Two
very different Gospels: Two incompatible beliefs
o The
silence of the Bible
o How
are the dead raised and with what kind of body?
o Makes
1 Corinthians 15 impossible
o The
resurrection of our earthly body makes God's word a lie
o Makes
tree of life not needed
o Makes
the Bible contradict the Bible
o It
maybe a delusion to some
o Makes
modern spiritualism possible
o Makes
some believe in "after death experiences," and makes them believable to
many
o
Reduces God and all spirit beings to being
nothing but "mind"
CHAPTER FOUR:
From where came Hell, The Changing Hell, and The Vanishing Hell
á GEHENNA
IS THE NAME OF A VALLEY
á THE
WORM AND UNQUENCHABLE FIRE OF GEHENNA
á THE
OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY OF GEHENNA, A PLACE ON THIS EARTH
á THE
FOUR OCCASIONS CHRIST USED GEHENNA
o First
occasion, in the Sermon on the Mount
¤ The
five "You have heard" and the three crimes
o Second
occasion, in a lesson to the twelve disciples
¤ "God
is able to destroy both soul and body"
o Third
occasion, in another lesson to His disciples.
¤ "If
your eye causes you to stumble"
o Fourth
occasion, to the Scribes and Pharisees
¤ "Sons
of GehennaÉ Judgment of Gehenna"
o And
one by James to the twelve tribes
á THE
VANISHING HELL
á THE
CHANGING HELL
o The
Bible version
o The
two Catholic versions
o The
Divided Protestant versions: (1) The Calvin version, (2) The Jonathan Edwards
version, (3) The Graphic view of Hell, (4) Satan doing the tormenting (5) God
doing the tormenting. (6) The Metaphorical view of both Heaven and Hell, (7)
Mental Anguish, (8) Protestant Traditionalist, (9) Protestant Premillennial,
(10) Rephaim version
o After
Judgment Hell, A newer version
o Edward
Fudge version: The short Hell
o Christadelphians
version
o Church
of God version and others
o The
Grave is Hell version [Jehovah's Witnesses]
o Seventh-Day
Advent version
o Latter-day
Saints [Mormons]
á WHICH
HELL DO YOU BELIEVE IN?
á FROM
WHERE DID HELL COME?
á How
Hell was put into and is being kept in the Bible
CHAPTER FIVE:
Sheol, Hades, Tartarus, and the Nether World
á
SHEOL in the Old Testament
á
Put all man kind in Hell
á
Made a resurrection from Hell
á
Those in Hell completely unconscious
á
WHERE ARE THE DEAD?
á
HADES in the New Testament
á
GEHENNA
á
TARTARUS
á
The Nether World, is it the new Hell?
CHAPTER SIX:
The thirty-one passages where Hell is used in the King James Version
Sheol in the Old Testament
The three "pit" translations
The thirty-one "grave"
translations
á
The passages about nations being in the
grave, not individuals
á The
good in the grave
á The
good and bad together in the grave
á
The bad in the grave
The thirty-one "Hell" translations
á
The fifteen passages about nations being in
Hell, not individuals
á The
good in Hell
á The
good and bad together in Hell
á
The bad in Hell
Hades in the New Testament
á
Hades in the passages that have reference to
the death of Christ
á Hades
in the passages that have reference to death
á Hades
in the passages that have reference to the destruction of cities or countries
á
Hades in the symbolical passages
CHAPTER SEVEN:
A strange and unexplainable silence: The reinterpreting of life, death,
torment, destruction, destroy, perish, die, and end.
The silence of the Old Testament on
punishment after death: (1) Adam
(2) Cain (3) the flood (4) the destruction
of Sodom and Gomorrah (5)
From Adam to Moses (6) the Law of Moses (7)
all these blessing (8) all these cursing (9) the silence of God concerning Hell
in the Old Testament
á The
silence of the New Testament on punishment after death
á God
was not silence on the fate of the lost
o Death:
the big problem for unconditional immoralists
¤ Some
of the none symbolic Greek words used to describe the fate of the lost
¤ Two
views of 2 Thessalonians 1:9
¤ Destruction
has been changed to exist
¤ "Passes
awayÉ abides forever"
¤ The
devouring, consuming, destroying fire
á How
fire is used in the Old Testament, to consume never to torment
á Wrath
of God: (1) on the sinner now in this life (2) "in the Day of
Judgment" (3) after the judgment
á The
types of the judgment: The flood, Sodom and Gomorrah
o Will
there be degrees of punishment in Hell?
o When
are cities and nations judged? When is their day of judgment to be?
á The
nothing can be destroyed argument
á The
justice of God
CHAPTER EIGHT:
The interpretation of figurative language, metaphors, and symbolical passage
á PART
ONE: Israel's destruction, her weeping, gnashing of teeth, outer darkness,
Matthew 24
o The
A. D. 70 doctrine
á PART
TWO: The intermediate bosom: The rich man and Lazarus
á PART
THREE: The symbolical pictures of Revelation versus a literal interpretation
CHAPTER NINE:
Universalist: The "age lasting" Hell
á Their
big problems:
o Universalist
must prove that all men are now immortal, or all will be made immortal
o The
death penalty problem
o The
Hell problem
á Universalist
teaching of "all" will be saved. Their use of "all"
CHAPTER TEN:
The results of attributing evil Pagan teachings to God.
á
This God slandering doctrine of Hell makes
God evil, cruel, sadistic, and fiendish
á
The fate of those who are not in Christ. The
fate of those who are in Christ
á
Seek the things above
á
We now bear the image of the earthly [Adam]
we shall bear the image of the heavenly [Christ]
á
An eternity in Heaven or on earth?
á God has spoken in the clearest way that is possible with human language
YOU ARE NOW AT
CHAPTER ONE
Chapter 2 is at: http://robertwr.com/life.html
Chapter 3 is at: http://robertwr.com/immortal.html
Chapters 4, 5, 6, 7 are at: http://robertwr.com/hell.html
Chapters 8, 9, 10
are at: http://robertwr.com/heaven.html
1. A FREE pdf COPY OF THIS E-BOOK,
All ten chapters above can be downloaded from http://robertwr.com/resurrection.pdf
----------------------------------------------------------------
CHAPTER
ONE -
What Is Man?
What is a man? Is a
person born with an immortal soul, or do the saved put on immortality at the
resurrection? Is he a three part being, an animal body with both a soul and a
spirit that will live without the body? This is one of the most important
questions of all time. It has more influence on our conception of our nature,
our view of life in this world and life after death than any other question.
Soul [nehphesh] in the Old Testament: (Strong spells it "nehpesh" Hebrew word #5315). If the "soul" is an immortal "immaterial, invisible part of
man" (Vine), why is this Hebrew word that is translated soul
throughout the Old Testament translated
"living creature" when it is speaking of animals in Genesis 1:21;
1:24; 2:19; 9:10; 9:12; 9:15; 9:16 when the same Hebrew word [nehphesh] is
translated "living soul" in
Genesis 2:7 when it is speaking of a person? In the Hebrew, if this were an
immaterial, immortal part of a person, it would also be an immaterial, immortal
part of animals.
[1] Genesis 1:20 "life"
[soul - nehphesh, used referring to animals] "Let the waters swarm with swarms of living creatures" [soul - nehphesh] (American Standard Version) "The moving creature that has life" (footnote in KJV).
[2] Genesis 1:21 "living
creature" [soul - nehphesh,
used referring to animals] "And
God created the great sea-monsters, and every living creature [soul - nehphesh] that moves wherewith the water swarmed.Ó
[3] Genesis 1:24 "living
creature" [soul - nehphesh,
used referring to animals] "And
God said, Let the earth bring forth living
creatures [soul - nehphesh] after
their kind, cattle, and creeping things, and beasts of the earth."
[4] Genesis 1:30 "life"
[soul - nehphesh, used referring to animals] "And to every beast of the earth, and to every bird of the heavens, and
to everything that creeps upon the earth, wherein there is life" [soul - nehphesh]. "A living soul" used referring to animals. Animals are "a living soul."
ALL
FOUR TIMES THAT SOUL [nehphesh] IS USED IN GENESIS ONE, IT IS USED
REFERRING TO ANIMALS, NOT TO A PERSON. ANIMALS WERE SOULS BEFORE ANY MAN
EXISTED. "Then God said, 'Let
the waters teem with swarms of LIVING
SOULS [soul-nehpheshs], and let
birds fly above the earth in the open expanse of the heavens.' And God created
the great sea monsters, and every LIVING
SOUL [soul - nehphesh] that
moves with which the waters swarmed after their kind, and every winged bird
after its kind; and God saw that it was good. And God blessed them, saying, 'Be
fruitful and multiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let birds multiply
on the earth.' And there was evening and there was morning, a fifth day. Then
God said, 'Let the earth bring forth LIVING
SOULS [soul-nehpheshs] after their kind: cattle and creeping thing
and beasts of the earth after their kind'; and it was so...and to every beast
of the earth, and to every fowl of the air, and to everything that creeps upon
the earth, wherein there is LIFE [soul - nehphesh], I have given every green herb for meat" [Genesis 1:20-30].
[5] Genesis 2:7 "A
living soul" [soul - nehphesh, used referring to a
person]
The
first time the King James Version translated nehphesh into "soul," most other translations did not agree with it,
not even the New King James Version. "Man became a living being" New King James Version.
Man became:
The
first time nehphesh is used referring to a person, most translations apply it
to the living breathing being or person, not to an invisible inter part of a
person. ADAM BEING SPOKEN OF AS A "LIVING
BEING" [nehphesh] PROVES HE WAS MORTAL, NOT IMMORTAL, JUST AS ALL "LIVING BEINGS" [nehphesh] ARE
MORTAL, NOT IMMORTAL. HOW CAN THIS BE ONE OF THE PROOF TEXTS USED TO PROVE ADAM
WAS MADE WITH AN IMMORTAL SOUL? IF IT PROVES ADAM HAD AN IMMORTAL SOUL, THEN IT
PROVES THAT FISH HAVE AN IMMORTAL SOUL.
[6] Genesis 2:19 "living
creature" [soul - nehphesh,
used referring to animals], "Every beast...every bird...whatsoever the man called every living creature, that was the name
thereof"
[7] Genesis 9:4 "life"
[soul - nehphesh, used referring to animals]
[8] Genesis 9:5 "lives"
[soul - nehphesh, used referring
to man]
[9] Genesis 9:5 "life"
[soul - nehphesh, used referring
to man]
[10] Genesis 9:10 "living
creature" [soul - nehphesh,
used referring to animals]
[11] Genesis 9:12 "living
creature" [soul - nehphesh,
used referring to animals]
[12] Genesis 9:15 "living
creature" [soul - nehphesh,
used referring to man and animals]
[13] Genesis 9:16 "living
creature" [soul - nehphesh,
used referring to man and animals]
IN
GENESIS 9:4-16 THE SAME WORD IS USED FOR BOTH MAN AND ANIMALS SEVEN TIMES IN
THE SAME PASSAGE.
"But
flesh with the LIFE [soul - nehphesh, used
referring to animals] thereof, which is the blood thereof, shall
you not eat. And surely your blood, the blood of your LIVES [soul - nehphesh,
used referring to man], will I require;
at the hand of every beast will I require it: and at the hand of men, even at
the hand of every man's brother, will I require the LIFE [soul - nehphesh,
used referring to man] of man. Whoso
sheds man's blood, by man shall his blood be shed, for in the image of God made
He men. And you, be you fruitful, and multiply; bring forth abundantly in the
earth, and multiply therein. And God spoke unto Noah, and to his sons with him,
saying, And I, behold, I establish my covenant with you and with your seed
after you; And every LIVING CREATURE
[soul - nehphesh, used referring to animals] that is with you, of
the fowl, and the cattle, and of every beast of the earth with you; from all
that go out of the ark, to every beast of the earth. And I will establish my
covenant with you; neither shall the waters of a flood cut off all flesh be any
more; neither shall there any more be a flood to destroy the earth. And God
said, This is the token of the covenant which I make between me and you and
every LIVING CREATURE [soul - nehphesh, used referring to animals] that is with you, for perpetual generation: I do set my bow in the
cloud, and it shall be a token of a covenant between me and the earth. And it
shall come to pass, when I bring a cloud over the earth, that the bow shall be
seen in the cloud: And I will remember my covenant, which is between me and you
and every LIVING CREATURE [soul - nehphesh, used referring to man
and animals] of all flesh; and the
waters shall no more become a flood to destroy all flesh. And the bow shall be
in the cloud; and I will look upon it, that I may remember the everlasting
covenant between God and every LIVING
CREATURE [soul - nehphesh,
used referring to man and animals] of all flesh that is upon the earth."
All
four times that soul [nehphesh] is used in Genesis 1; it is referring to
animals, not to a person. IN TEN OF THE FIRST THIRTEEN TIMES SOUL [NEHPHESH] IS
USED IT IS USED REFERRING TO ANIMALS, but the King James Version hides this by
using different words, and most who read the King James Version never know it. NEHPHESH IS TRANSLATED
"SOUL" ONLY ONE TIME OF THE FIRST THIRTEEN TIMES IT IS USED in
the King James Version; but it is not translated "soul" in any of the first thirteen times it is used in
the New King James Version, New American Standard Version, New Revised Standard
Version, or New International Version.
Mankind has the same soul [life - nehphesh] as the other "living creatures." He does not differ from other living
creatures [soul - nehphesh] by having a soul [nehphesh] that cannot die.
His dominion over other living creatures [Other nehpheshs - souls] is not his
nehphesh.
Mike Willis says
expositors have generally appealed to Genesis 2:7 to prove that all men are
born with and now have immortal spirits. However, in 1 Corinthians 15:45, Paul
has clearly expounded the meaning of the Hebrew words nehphesh, chayyah.
"The living soul" of Genesis 2:7 is the natural body of this passage.
He says this corresponds with the book of Genesis itself because the same
construction is used in Genesis 1:24 to describe animals. When Moses recorded
that God breathed into man's nostrils the breath of life and he became a living
soul, what the writer of Genesis was saying was that the dust of the earth
began to have animal life and does not prove that a person has an immortal
spirit (soul); rather it states that a person has animal life. All men possess
animal life through Adam. A Commentary On Paul's First Epistle To the
Corinthians, Page 578, 1979. For one who knows the Bible as he does and
believes a person has an immortal soul, yet says, the living soul of Genesis
2:7 is the natural body, proves beyond doubt that a living soul is not an
immortal inter part of a person.
Guy N. Woods says the
first time in Genesis 1:20 the word soul is used is from the Hebrew nehphesh
where it is assigned to fish, birds, and creeping things. He says it is clear
that the soul in these passages does not refer to anything peculiar to the
constitution of man, but it signifies, as its usage denotes, and the lexicons
affirm, any creature that breathes. "What Is The Soul Of Man," Gospel
Advocate, 1985, Number 21.
Adam Clarke "Nephesh clayyah; a general term to
express all creatures endued with animal life, in any of its infinitely varied
gradations, from the half reasoning elephant down to the stupid potto, or lower
still, to the polype, which seems equally to share the vegetable and animal
life."
IN
THE FIRST NINE CHAPTERS OF GENESIS SOUL [nehphesh] IS THE ANIMAL LIFE, WHICH
BOTH A PERSON AND ANIMALS HAVE IN COMMON. HOW DID THE TRANSLATORS KNOW WHEN IT
CHANGED TO AN INVISIBLE INTER IMMORTAL PART OF A PERSON, WHICH ANIMALS DO NOT
HAVE?
[14] Genesis 12:5 "And the people [soul - nehphesh] whom
they had acquired" New King James Version ["soul" in King James Version].
[15] Genesis 12:13 "That I [soul - nehphesh] may
live because of you" New King James Version ["soul" in King James Version].
[16] Genesis 14:21 "Give me the persons [soul - nehphesh] and
take the goods" King James Version.
[17] Genesis 17:14 "That person [soul - nehphesh] shall
be cut off" New King James Version.
[18] Genesis 19:17 "Escape for your life [soul - nehphesh]" King James Version.
[19] Genesis 19:19 "Saving my life [soul - nehphesh]" King James Version.
IN
THE FIRST NINETEEN TIMES NEHPHESH IS USED IT IS TRANSLATED SOUL ONLY THREE
TIMES IN THE KING JAMES VERSION, NONE IN THE NEW KING JAMES VERSION, NEW
AMERICAN STANDARD VERSION, NEW REVISED STANDARD VERSION, OR NEW INTERNATIONAL
VERSION.
[20] Genesis 19:20 "That my life [soul - nehphesh]
may be saved" New American Standard Version [Soul for the fourth time
in the King James Version and first time in the New King James Version].
[21] Genesis 23:8 "If it be your mind [soul - nehphesh]" King James Version
[22] Genesis 27:4 "So that I may bless you before I [soul - nehphesh] die" New Revised Standard Version. UP TO GENESIS 27:4 NEHPHESH IS TRANSLATED
"SOUL" IN THE KING JAMES VERSION FOUR TIMES AND THE NEW KING JAMES
VERSION ONE TIME. EVEN THEN IT IS NOT TRANSLATED "SOUL" IN MANY
OTHERS TRANSLATIONS
Nehphesh
has been used 21 times before the New King James Version used "soul"
for the first time, but even then the translators of many versions have chosen
not to translate it "soul." IN GENESIS "NEHPHESH" IS NOT AN
IMMORTAL "IMMATERIAL, INVISIBLE PART
OF MAN," BUT IT IS THE LIFE, LIVING CREATURE, LIVING BEING, ANY LIVING
THING, WHETHER ANIMALS, FISH, OR MAN. IF THE TRANSLATORS HAD CONTINUED TO
TRANSLATE NEHPHESH AS LIFE, LIVING CREATURE, LIVING BEING, OR PERSON, AS THEY
DID IN THE FIRST TWENTY-ONE TIMES IT IS USED, THERE MAY NOT BE THE DIVISIONS
THERE ARE TODAY. WHY DID THEY NOT TRANSLATE NEHPHESH INTO SOUL IN THE FIRST
PART OF THE BIBLE? MAYBE BECAUSE THEY THOUGHT IT WOULD HAVE MADE ANIMALS HAVE
SOULS, AND THEY DID NOT BELIEVE ANIMALS COULD HAVE SOULS. I find it difficult to see how anyone could not call their honesty
into question for it is undeniable that they put their belief over the word of
God and deliberately hid the truth from their readers; deliberately hid the
truth from you.
[23] Genesis 32:30 "My life [soul - nehphesh] is
preserved" King James Version. Most translations use "life"
in this passage for a soul that cannot perish does not need to be preserved
[24] Genesis 34:3
[25] Genesis 34:8
[26] Genesis 35:18
[27] Genesis 36:6 "All the persons [nehphesh] of his
house" King James Version
[28] Genesis 37:21 "Let us not kill him [nehphesh]" King James Version
[29] Job 12:10 "In whose hand is the soul [soul - nehphesh, used
referring to animals] of every living thing, and the breath of all
mankind." "The life of
every living thing" New American Standard Bible
[30] Job 41:21 "His breath [soul - nehphesh, used referring to an animal, possibly a crocodile]"
[31] Isaiah 19:10 "All that make sluices and ponds for fish [soul - nehphesh, used
referring to animals, fish]"
King James Version
[32] Jeremiah 2:24 "A wild ass used to the wilderness,
that snuffed up the wind in her
[soul - nehphesh, used referring to an animal]
desire"
[33] Numbers 31:28 "And levy a tribute unto the Lord of
the men of war which went out to battle: one soul [nehphesh-used referring to man and animals] of five hundred,
both of the persons, and of the beeves, and of the asses and of the sheep"
"So carefully
has the translation of nehphesh been guarded in relation to animals as 'souls,'
that we can't help but wonder if it were not done intentionally to conceal the
fact that animals are souls as well as men." David J. Heinizman, "Man
Became A Living Soul"
[34 to 870] It would
be too long to quote all the 870 times the Hebrew word nehphesh is in the Old
Testament with just over one-half being translated "soul" in King
James Version [Wigram, Page 829, Old Testament].
1. SOUL About 473
times. Not once do any of them imply anything about life beyond the grave or
about the soul being immortal
2. LIFE About 122
times
3. PERSON About 26
times
4. MIND About 15 times
5. HEART About 15
times
6. PERSONAL
PRONOUNS 44 + times [yourselves, themselves, her, me, he, his, himself]
7. ALL OTHERS about
200 times [man, creature, living being, own, any, living thing, lives, the
dead, dead body, kills, slays, slay him, mortally, discontented, ghost, breath,
will, appetite, hearty desire, desire, pleasure, lust, deadly, fish]. All 870
times it is associated with the activity of a living being, including dying,
and it never implies anything about life after the death of the living being.
None of them are an immortal inter part of a person. They are a living being
that can die, be killed, or be dead.
Nehphesh is always associated with the activity of earthly breathing beings,
both of person(s) and animal(s). It never implies anything about life beyond
the grave. IT IS NEVER TRANSLATED "SPIRIT."
Can one word be
rightly translated this way? Can a word that is not a pronoun be rightly
translated into a pronoun as it is in the King James Version? How could the
translators know when to change the noun into a pronoun? NO ONE READING SOME OF THE ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF THE BIBLE WOULD HAVE
ANY WAY OF KNOWING THAT ALL THESE WORDS ARE TRANSLATIONS (OR MISTRANSLATIONS)
OF ONLY ONE WORD. Did the translators do so because they wanted to make a
person be an "immortal being," and more than a "living
creatures?" In almost one half of the times nehphesh is used in the Old
Testament, even the King James translators could not translate it
"soul." When the all-knowing God used just one word, why did the
translators use many words and change it as they wish to from a noun to a
pronoun? Did they think that for all the years from Adam unto Christ, God
thought people could understand just one word; but now about forty words are
needed to translate one word? If one word were all that was needed from Adam to
the King James Version, why would God's one word not be enough today? Do the
translators think they have improved the Hebrew Old Testament? The use of many
words came when the Catholic Church brought in unconditional immortality, and
they had to get it into the Bible. The Hebrew manuscripts still have just one
word - nehphesh, which was the one word God inspired. Were the translators
inspired to change it to many words?
Nehphesh is
translated "soul" far fewer times in the New American Standard
Version and in most other translations, including the New King James Version,
than it is in the King James Version. Were they going as far as they dared to
in correcting the King James Version?
The way
"soul" is understood and used today in English (an inter undying PART
of a person) makes putting the word "soul" in a translation for the
English people today be a false and deliberately misleading translation; for it
makes it where today's English reader cannot know what God said, and will
understand only what the prejudiced outlook the translators wanted their
readers to understand WHEN THE WORD "SOUL" IS UNDERSTOOD AS IT IS
USED TODAY. Without much study of Bible words, which most Bible reader will
never do, they cannot know what God said to them when they read the word
"soul" and will think that the outlook of the translator, which seems
to be somewhat prejudice, is the word of God. God's word has been deliberately
replaced with the teaching of man [Matthew 15:9] in a way that will have more
influence on our conception of what our nature is and the nature of all living
beings than any other question.
THE
ÒSOULÓ AND ÒEATING OF BLOODÓ
Is the immortal "soul"
[nehphesh] in the blood?
Is a part of a person that many say it lives after the death of the body in the
blood of both men and animals? [Leviticus 17:10-15] In only six verses nehphesh
is used ten times.
"I
will even set my face against that SOUL [person - nehphesh,
used referring to man] that eats blood,
and will cut him off from among his people. For the LIFE [soul -
nehphesh, used referring to animals]
of the flesh is in the blood: and I have
given it to you upon the altar to make an atonement for your SOULS: [nehphesh, used referring to
man] for it is the blood that makes an
atonement for the SOUL
[nehphesh, used referring to man].
Therefore I said unto the children of Israel, No SOUL [nehphesh, used referring to man] of you shall eat blood...For it is the LIFE [soul -
nehphesh, used referring to animals]
of all flesh; the blood of it is for the LIFE [soul - nehphesh, used referring to animals] thereof; therefore I
said unto the children of Israel, No SOUL
[nehphesh, used referring to man] shall eat the blood of no manner of flesh:
for the LIFE [soul - nehphesh, used
referring to animals] of all flesh is the blood thereof: whosoever
eats it shall be cut off. And every SOUL
[nehphesh, used referring to man] that
eats that which died of itself...he shall wash his clothes, and bath himself in
water" In this passage, the King James Version translated the same
word "soul" six times when it used referring to man and
"life" four times when it used referring too animals. Can anyone not
see how the translators picked when they wanted "nehphesh" to be
"soul" and when they wanted "nehphesh" to be
"life"? They could not let an immortal soul be in the blood nor could
they let animals have an immortal soul. Their theology said a man had to have a
soul, but an animal could not, and they were not willing that their reader see
that the word "nehphesh" is used referring to both, and that both do
not have a soul but are a soul.
The vanishing use of
soul in Leviticus 17:10-15
Leviticus 17:10-15
New Revised Standard Version, "If
anyone of the house of Israel or of the aliens who reside among them eats any
blood, I will set my face against that PERSON
[nehphesh] who eats blood, and will
cut that PERSON [nehphesh] off from the people. For the LIFE [nehphesh] of the flesh is in the blood; and I have
given it to you for making atonement for your LIVES [nehphesh] on the
altar, for, as LIFE, [nehphesh] it is the blood that makes atonement.
Therefore I have said to the people of Israel: No PERSON [nehphesh] among you
shall eat blood...For the LIFE [nehphesh] of every creature-its blood is its LIFE; [nehphesh] therefore I have said to the people of
Israel: You shall not eat the blood of any creature, for the LIFE [nehphesh] of every creature is its blood; whoever eats it shall be cut off. All PERSONS, [nehphesh] citizens or aliens, who eat what dies of
itself...shall wash their clothes, and bathe themselves in water"
Leviticus 17:10-15
New International Version, "Any
Israelite or any alien living among them who eats any blood-I will set my face
against that PERSON [nehphesh] who eats blood and will cut HIM [nehphesh] off from his people. For the LIFE
[nehphesh] of a creature is in
the blood, and I have given it to you to make atonement for YOURSELVES [nehphesh] on the altar; it is the blood that makes
atonements for one's LIFE [nehphesh]. Therefore I say to the Israelites, 'None
of YOU [nehphesh] may eat blood, nor may an alien living
among you eat blood'...because the LIFE [nehphesh] of every creature is its blood. That is why
I have said to the Israelites, You must not eat the blood of any creature,
because the LIFE [nehphesh] of every creature is its blood; anyone who
eats it must be cut off. ANYONE [nehphesh], whether native-born or alien, who eats
anything found dead or torn by wild animals must wash his clothes and bathe
with water'."
MAN
"BECAME A LIVING BEING"
Genesis 1:26 "Then God said, 'Let Us
make MAN in Our image,'" not
"Let Us make the soul of man in Our Image" Genesis 2:7. "Then the Lord formed MAN of dust from the ground and
breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; [not breathed into the body
an immortal undying no substance soul, but the breath of life, which both men
and animals have], and MAN became a living being."
Not a body + an immortal soul, but "a
living being." Not two beings, a body being with an inter soul being
living in it.
The
body of dust + the breath of life = a living soul [a living being - nehphesh], Genesis 2:7, New American Standard.
The breath of life without the body would not be a person or animal. It would
not be a living being, not a nehphesh. ALL living creatures, whether they are
animals or sea-dwelling creatures, are souls [nehpheshs].
MAN, not merely a body, is formed from the dust of the ground. MAN is in the image of God, not only an
inter part of a person which has no substance. Adam might have loss possible
immorality when he loss the tree of life, but this was not a loss of being made
in the image of God.
The Bible says, "Man BECAME a living soul" is
changed to, "Man OBTAINED a living soul" or "Man WAS GIVEN a
soul." There is a world of difference in a person BEING a living soul and
a person HAVING a soul. Both man and animals are a living soul. If the breath
of life in his nostrils in Genesis 2:7 makes a person have an immortal part
(spirit) living in him or her that cannot die, then "all in whose nostrils was the breath of the spirit of life"
in Genesis 7:22 proves all beasts, birds, and fish have an immortal part (soul)
living in them that cannot die, but that all, both man and animals that had "the breath of the spirit of life,"
died.
ANIMALS
ARE "SOULS" nehphesh - living creature
Animals ARE souls, not animals HAVE souls. In Genesis 1:20; 1:21; 1:24; 1:30, most translations try to hide
this. WHY? Why is it "living
creature" when used referring to animals and "soul" when used referring to a person? There is no
excuse or defense for it. It is a deliberate attempt by the translators, who
did not believe God's word as it is, to mislead; and all Bible teachers should
point this out to all they teach [James 3:1]. If "the living soul" [nehphesh] is the immortal part of a
person, then bugs, all sea creatures, all birds, and all animals have an
immortal soul. "Living soul"
is used more of these creatures than it is of man.
Passages in which
soul [nehphesh] is speaking of animals being souls
1. Genesis 1:20 "Then God said, Let the waters swarm
with swarms of living souls [soul - nehphesh, used referring to animals]"
2. Genesis 1:21 "And God created the great
sea-monsters, and every living soul
[soul - nehphesh, used referring to animals]
that moves wherewith the waters swarmed."
3. Genesis 1:24 "And God said, Let the earth bring
forth living souls [soul - nehphesh, used referring to animals] after their kind, cattle, and creeping things, and beasts of the earth
after their kind"
4. "And with ever living
creature [soul - nehphesh, used
referring to animals] that is with you, of the fowl, of the
cattle, and of every beast of the earth with you" [Genesis 9:10]. Also
Genesis 9:12, 9:15 and 9:16
5. "One soul [nehphesh life,
used referring to man and animals] of five hundred, of the persons and of the
beeves, and of the asses, and of the sheep" [Numbers 31:28]
6. The "leviathan,"
[Job 41:1] used six times in the Bible, probably a crocodile, has a soul [soul - nehphesh, used referring
to animals] [Job 41:21]. From over
870 times nehphesh is used, this is the only time it is translated breath in the Kings James Version.
After all, they could not have a crocodile, a sea monster, or whatever it was
having an "immortal soul" for then they would have to put it in
Heaven or Hell for an immortal crocodile could never die and would have to be
somewhere for all eternity.
7. "SOUL" [nehphesh] OF MAN AND
ANIMALS IS IN THE BLOOD "For the life [soul - nehphesh, used referring to man and to animals] of the flesh is in
the blood" Leviticus 17:11. "For
the life [soul - nehphesh, used referring to man and to animals] of every creature is
the blood of it" Leviticus 17:14, Genesis 9:4
8. "In whose hand is the life [soul - nehphesh,
used referring to man and to animals]
of every living thing, and the breath of
all mankind?" [Job 12:10].
9. "A righteous man has regard for the life [soul - nehphesh, used referring to animals] of his beast" [Proverbs 12:10].
10.
Genesis 2:19, 9:15-16 and many more. "The living
soul" in Genesis 2:7 is the one distinctive thing, for many that makes a
person different from an animal. If a person has an immortal soul, there is no
way around all living things having immortal souls. NOTHING IS SAID IN THESE
PASSAGES ABOUT BUGS, BIRDS, FISH OR A
PERSON BEING ANYTHING MORE THAN "LIVING BEINGS."
"The last two lines of verse 7 affirm that a person's life is
God-given. God enables a person to breathe, and thus, to be alive, as he does
other creatures (see Genesis 7:22). Some have tried to justify a threefold
division of man into flesh (or body), soul, and spirit from Genesis 2:7. They
equate dust with flesh or body, breath with spirit, and insist that the
last phrase of the verse must be translated as 'a living soul.' However, this
understanding reads more into the biblical text than it really says. (1) The
Hebrew words for 'flesh' or 'body' and 'spirit' do not occur in this passage.
(2) The Hebrew expression nehphesh chayyah, which some insist on translating 'a
living soul,' is used of fish and marine life in Genesis 1:30; and beasts and
birds in 2:19. If 'soul' means the eternal part of a person or the sum total of
man's 'body' and 'spirit' in Genesis 2:7, it must mean the eternal part of a
fish or the sum total of a fish's 'body' and 'spirit' in Genesis 1:20, 21; etc.
(3) The flow of the context in Genesis 2:7 indicates that the word translated being in RSV (nehphesh) means the whole person.
The author's emphasis is on the gift of life" John T, Willis,
"The Living Word Commentary On the Old Testament - Genesis" Page
103-104, Sweet Publishing Company, 1979.
"Far from referring simply to one aspect of a person, 'soul'
refers to the whole person" Eerdman Dictionary of the Bible, Page 1245.
"A human being is a totality of being, not a combination of
various parts and impulses. According to the Old Testament understanding, a
person is not a body, which happens to possess a soul. Instead, a person is a
living soul...Because of God's breath of life; the man became 'a living being'
(Gen. 2:7). A person thus is a complete totality, made up of human flesh,
spirit (best understood as "the life-force'), and nephesh (best understood
as "the total self' but often translated as 'soul')" Holman Bible
Dictionary, Page 61.
"There is not dualism in the sense of separation, as though
there could be full man either as body alone or as soul alone...together they
make up the one man" International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, Volume 1,
Page 134.
"A consideration of EVERY passage in which these terms are
used leads us to the consideration that the term 'soul' is a term that was
applied in the Bible to every being that normally has sensory capacities (life),
whether or not they have that capacity when the term is used referring to them.
For example, one might see a body of a dead person and say, 'That poor soul is
dead.' The Bible uses the term that way, even as we do, and it has nothing at
all to do with the immorality or mortality of the soul. It simply means that
the PERSON (the one who HAD life-soul-sensory capacity) is dead." T.
Pierce Brown, "Soul and Spirit" Gospel Advocate, June 14, 1979.
1. Nehphesh (soul): When
nehphesh is used referring only to animals
is translated nine different ways in the King James Version.
1. Creature [soul - nehphesh] Genesis 1:21; 1:24; 2:19; 9:10; 2:12;
Leviticus 11:46
2. Thing [soul - nehphesh] Leviticus 11:10. Ezekiel 47:9
3. Life [soul - nehphesh] Genesis 1:20; 1:30; Leviticus 17:10-14 -
2 times
4. The life [soul - nehphesh] Genesis 9:4; Deuteronomy 12:23; Proverbs
12:10
5. Beast [soul -
nehphesh] Leviticus 24:18
6. The soul [soul -
nehphesh] Job 12:10
7. Breath [soul - nehphesh] Job 41:21
8. Fish [soul -
nehphesh] Isaiah 19:10
9. Her [soul - nehphesh] Jeremiah 2:24
2.
Nehphesh (soul): When it is used referring to
BOTH Animals and Man is translated in three different
ways.
1.
Creature [soul -
nehphesh] Genesis 9:15; 9:16
2.
The life [soul - nehphesh] Leviticus 17:11;
17:14
3.
Soul [soul -
nehphesh] Numbers 31:28
3.
Nehphesh (soul): When it has the animal appetites
and desires of Man is translated in
five different ways. [1] Soul, [2] pleasure, [3] lust, [4] appetite, [5] and
greedy
1. Translated Soul (Nehphesh) 17
things the "soul" (person) does
o The soul dried away Numbers 11:6
o The soul lusts Deuteronomy 12:15
o The soul longs to eat flesh Deuteronomy 12:20
o The soul lusts after Deuteronomy 12:20
o The soul lusts Deuteronomy 12:21
o The soul lusts Deuteronomy 14:26
o The soul desires Deuteronomy 14:26
o The soul loathes Deuteronomy 21:5
o The soul desires 1 Samuel 2:16
o The soul refused Job 6:7
o The soul abhorred Job 33:20
o The soul abhorred Psalms 107:18
o The soul hunger Proverbs 6:30
o The soul satisfying Proverbs 13:25
o The soul empty Isaiah 29:8
o The soul has appetite Isaiah 29:8
o The soul desired figs Micah 7:1
2. Translated pleasure [soul - nehphesh] Deuteronomy
23:24
3. Translated lust [soul - nehphesh] Psalms 78:18
4. Translated appetite [soul - nehphesh] Proverbs
23:2. Ecclesiastes 6:7
5. Translated greedy [soul - nehphesh] Isaiah 56:11
THE
SOUL [PERSON] CAN BE HUNGRY,
HAVE
AN APPETITE, BE THIRSTY, EAT MEAT
IF
SOUL CAN DIE
IT
CANNOT BE IMMORTAL
CAN
WHATEVER IS INTENDED BY THE HEBREW WORD "NEHPHESH" DIE? THE BIBLE SAYS
OFTEN THAT THE NEHPHESH [soul] CAN DIE, CAN BE KILLED BY MAN, OR THAT IT IS ALREADY DEAD. If it can, then whatever "nehphesh" is translated into IS something that can die. If the many words that "nehphesh"
is translated into is something that can die, then the soul cannot be immortal
and it can die. To say that "nehphesh" [soul] is immortal and
cannot die makes the Bible be wrong repeatedly. If the soul [nehphesh] is
immortal and cannot die, the writers of the Bible did not know it.
(1). Souls [nehpheshs]
can die Numbers 23:10, Ezekiel 18:4,
20, Joshua 11:11. "They smote all
the souls" [nehphesh]. An
immortal soul can die? Not only does the Bible not say the soul is immortal, it
denies it by saying often that the soul can die or be killed or is dead.
(2). Souls [nehpheshs]
can be murdered. Deuteronomy 12:23;
Numbers 35:11-15. "Kills any person" [soul - nehphesh]
Numbers 35:11, 15, 30, 31. Kills any immortal soul?
(3). Souls
[nehpheshs] can be killed Leviticus
24:17, Numbers 35:11. An immortal soul can be killed?
(4). Souls
[nehpheshs] can be smote with the sword
and utterly destroyed Joshua 11:11
(5). Souls
[nehpheshs] can be slain. An
immortal soul can be slain? Deuteronomy 27:25
(6). Souls
[nehpheshs] can be destroyed. An
immortal soul can be destroyed? Leviticus 23:30
(7). Souls
[nehpheshs] can be taken away 1
Kings 19:4
(8). Souls
[nehpheshs] can be sought to kill it Jeremiah
44:30
(9). Souls
[nehpheshs] cannot be kept alive. An
immortal soul that cannot die but it cannot be kept alive? Psalms 22:29
(10). Souls
[nehpheshs] have blood and can bleed. "The
blood of the souls of the poor" Jeremiah 2:34
(11). "Let us not take his life [soul
- nehphesh]" Genesis 37:21
(12). "Life [soul - nehphesh] for life
[soul - nehphesh] Immortal soul for immortal soul?" Exodus 21:23
(13). "Any dead body [soul -
nehphesh]" Leviticus 21:11
(14). "That person [soul - nehphesh] will
I destroy" Leviticus 23:30
(15). "And if a man takes the life [soul
- nehphesh] of any human being"
Leviticus 24:17. Does anyone believe a person can take the "soul" of any human being?
(16). "And he that smites any man mortally
shall be put to death. And he that smites a beast mortally shall make it good, life [soul - nehphesh] for life
[soul - nehphesh] [soul for
soul?]" Leviticus 24:18
(17). "Because of a dead person [soul - nehphesh]" Numbers 5:2
(18). "He shall not go near to a dead person [soul -
nehphesh]" Numbers 6:6
(19). "Because of a dead person [soul -
nehphesh]" Numbers 6:11
(20). "Unclean because of the dead person [soul - nehphesh]"
Numbers 9:6, 7
(21). "Because of a dead person [soul -
nehphesh]" Numbers 9:10
(22). "The one who touches the corpse of any person [soul - nehphesh]" Numbers 19:11
(23). "Anyone who touches a corpse, the body [soul - nehphesh] of
a man who has died" Numbers 19:13. How could anyone touch the corpse
of something that has no substance and cannot die?
(24). "Whosoever has killed any person [soul - nehphesh]" Numbers 31:19
(25). "The manslayer who has killed any
person [soul - nehphesh]" Numbers 35:11
(26). "Anyone who kills a person [soul
- nehphesh] unintentionally may flee
there" Numbers 35:15
(27). "If anyone kills a person [soul
- nehphesh]" Numbers 35:30
(28). "And take his life [soul - nehphesh]" Deuteronomy 19:6
(29). "And strikes him so that he [soul - nehphesh] dies" Deuteronomy 19:11
(30). "Life [soul - nehphesh] for life
[soul - nehphesh], eye for eye, tooth
for tooth" Deuteronomy 19:21
(31). "A man rises against his neighbor and murders him [soul - nehphesh]" Deuteronomy 22:26
(32). "Cursed be he who takes a bride to slay an innocent person [soul - nehphesh]" Deuteronomy 27:25
(33). "And deliver our lives
[souls - nehpheshs] from death"
Joshua 2:13
(34). "Our life [soul -
nehphesh] for yours" Joshua 2:13
(35). "And they smote all the souls [souls - nehpheshs] that were therein with the edge of the
sword, utterly destroying them; there
were none left that breathed" Joshua 11:11
(36). "He utterly destroyed them and
all the souls [souls -
nehpheshs] that were therein; he left
none remaining" Joshua 10:28
(37). "And he smote it with the edge of the
sword, and all the souls [souls
- nehpheshs] that were therein; he left
none remaining in it" Joshua 10:30
(38). "And all the souls [souls - nehpheshs] that
were therein" Joshua 10:32
(39). "And all the souls [souls - nehpheshs] that
were therein he utterly destroyed
that day" Joshua 10:35
(40). "But he utterly destroyed it, and all the souls [souls - nehpheshs] that
were therein" Joshua 10:37.
(41). "And he captured it and its king and
all its cities, and they smote them with the edge of the sword, and utterly destroyed all the souls [souls - nehpheshs] that were therein" Joshua 10:39.
Can immortal souls be utterly destroyed with the sword?
(42). "Who kills any person [soul
- nehphesh]" Joshua 20:9
(43). "That kills any person [soul
- nehphesh]" Joshua 20:3
(44). "That his soul [soul - nehphesh] was
vexed to death" Judges
16:16 "annoyed to death" New American Standard Version. We
say, "He worried me to dead"
(45). "Let me [soul - nehphesh] die" Judges 16:30. "Let my soul die"
(46). "And you lose your life [soul
- nehphesh], with the lives [souls - nehphesh] of your household" Judges 18:25
(47). "If you do not save your life [soul
- nehphesh] tonight" 1 Samuel
19:11
(48). "The death of all the persons [souls
- nehpheshs] of your father's house"
1 Samuel 22:22
(49). "He that seeks my life [soul
- nehphesh] seeks your life [soul - nehphesh]" 1
Samuel 22:23
(50). "He is seeking my life
[soul - nehphesh]" 1 Samuel 20:1
(51). "And David saw that Saul was come out to seek his life [soul - nehphesh]" 1 Samuel 23:15
(52). "You are lying in wait for my life
[soul - nehphesh] (soul in King James Version) to take it" 1 Samuel 24:11
(53). "To pursue you and to seek your life [soul - nehphesh]" (soul in King James Version) 1
Samuel 25:29 also 2 Samuel 4:8, 16:11, 1 Kings 19:10, 14, Psalm 35:4, 38:12,
35:13, 40:14, 40:15, Jeremiah 40:14, 40:15
(54). "Deliver him that smote his brother, that we may kill him for the life [soul - nehphesh] of his brother whom he slew" 2
Samuel 14:7
(55). "Who today have saved your life [soul - nehphesh] and the lives [souls -
nehpheshs] of your sons and daughter, the
lives [soul - nehphesh] of your wives, and the lives [souls -
nehpheshs] of your concubines" 2
Samuel 19:5
(56). "Have you asked for the life [soul
- nehphesh] of your enemies" 1
Kings 3:11
(57). "Prolong my life [soul - nehphesh]" Job 6:11. Prolong the life of an
immortal soul?
(58). "For himself that he might die, and said, It is enough; now, O
Lord, take my life [soul -
nehphesh]" 1 Kings 19:4
(59). "A man that is laden with the blood of any person [soul - nehphesh] shall
flee unto the pit; let no man stay him" Proverbs 28:17
(60). "The blood of the souls
[souls - nehpheshs] of the innocent
poor" Jeremiah 2:34. An immaterial, invisible, part of a person that
has no substance had blood!
(61). "Ammon has sent Ishmael the son of
Nethaniah to take your life [soul - nehphesh]...wherefore
should he take your life [soul -
nehphesh]" Jeremiah 40:14-15
(62). "To
slay the souls [souls -
nehpheshs] that should not die and to
save the souls [souls -
nehpheshs] alive that should not live" Ezekiel 13:19
(63). "The soul [soul - nehphesh] who
sins will die" Ezekiel 18:4
(64). "The person [soul - nehphesh] who
sins will die" Ezekiel
18:20
1. Ezekiel 18:20 "The soul [nehphesh] that
sins, it shall die" King
James Version, American Standard Version
2. Ezekiel 18:20 "The person [soul - nehphesh] who
sins shall die" New Revised
Standard Version
3. Ezekiel 18:20 "The person [soul - nehphesh] who
sins will die" New American
Standard Version, New Revised English Bible
4. Ezekiel 18:20 "The person [soul - nehphesh] who
sins is the one who will die"
New Century Version. This is a person dying [being put to death] for a sin
under the Old Testament law, but is almost always used referring to a part of a
person that cannot die by those who believe a soul cannot die. WHEN THEY
MISAPPLY THIS TO SOME INTER PART OF A PERSON, AND THEY DO, THEY HAVE AN
UNDENIABLE STATEMENT THAT THEIR IMMORTAL INTER PART OF A PERSON WILL DIE IF IT
SINS; AND THAT THE SOUL WILL NOT HAVE EVERLASTING LIFE WITH TORMENT. This is
definitely not what they wanted, but what they made in their attempt to make the
soul immortal. If "soul"
means "an immortal inter part of a person that cannot die," then
James says, "Shall save an immortal
inter part of man, which cannot die, from death" James 5:20. This
theology makes nonsense of the Bible.
o The divine
sentence, "The soul that sins, it shall die" has been reversed to
say, "The soul that sins, it shall live eternally in torment." Not
only must this be changed from "die" to "eternal life" but
after making the change "torment" must be added. To make it teach
what many want it to teach, first, God's word must be changed and then added
to.
(65). "By shedding blood and destroying lives
[souls - nehpheshs]" Ezekiel 22:27
(66). "Like a roaring lion ravening the prey:
they have devoured souls [souls - nehpheshs]" Ezekiel 22:25
(67). "He did not spare their soul [nehphesh] from death, but gave over their life to the
plague, and smote all the firstborn in Egypt" [Psalm 78:50]
(68). OVER 320 OF
THE ABOUT 870 TIMES THAT SOUL [NEHPHESH] IS USED, THE SOUL IS DEAD, CAN DIE,
CAN BE KILLED, BE SOUGHT TO BE KILLED BE AFFECTED, BE SMOTE, BE CUT OFF, BE
MURDERED, BE DELIVERED FROM DEATH. IN
MOST OF THESE PASSAGES THE TRANSLATORS OF THE KING JAMES AND OTHER TRANSLATIONS
HAVE HIDDEN FROM THE READERS THAT THE VERY THING THEY BELIEVE TO BE IMMORTAL
AND CANNOT DIE DOES DIE BY TRANSLATING "NEHPHEST" INTO "LIFE," "PERSON" AND
MANY OTHER WORDS, but even in the King James Version there are many
passages which say souls [nehpheshs] can and do die. Some more of the many passages: "We feared greatly for our soul [nehphesh] because of you" [Joshua 9:24]. "All the men who were seeking your soul
[nehphesh] are dead" [Exodus
4:19]. They had to flee to save their souls [nehphesh] [2 King 7:7], or their
souls [nehphesh] would be utterly destroyed "with
the edge of the sword" or other weapons [Joshua 10:27; 10:30; 10:32;
10:35, 10:37; 10:39]. Not only could heir souls [nehphesh] be killed by their
enemies, but their souls [nehphesh] could also die for lack of food
[Lamentations 1:11; Numbers 11:6]. Also, Genesis 9:4; 9:5; 12:13; 17:14; 19:17;
19:19; 19:20; 32:30; 32:31; 35:18; 37:21; Exodus 21:23; 30:12; 30:15; 31:14;
Leviticus 7:18; 7:20; 7:21 7:27; 17:11; 17:12; 17:14; 19:8; 21:1; 21:11; 22:3;
24:17; 24:18; Numbers 5:2; 6:6; 9:6; 9:7; 9:10; 9:18; 19:11; 19:13; 19:20;
23:10; 31:19; 35:11; 35:15; 35:30; 35:31; Deuteronomy 12:23; Joshua 2:13;
11:11; 20:3; 20:9; Judges 5:28; 12:3; 16:16; 18:25; Ruth; 4:15; 1 Samuel 1:19;
1: 20; 1:23; 23:15; 23:20; 25:29; 28:9; 28:21; 2 Samuel 4:8; 14:7; 16:11; 19:5;
19:6; 1 Kings 1:12; 1:29; 3:11; 17:21; 17:22; 19:10; 19:14; 20:32; 2 Kings
1:13; 19:24; 1 Chronicles 11:19; 2 Chronicles 11:11; Esther 7:7; Job 13:14;
30:16; 33:18; 33:22; 36:14; Psalms 7:2; 17:13; 22:20; 22:21; 22:29: 22:30;
31:13; 33:19; 35:4; 35:17; 38:12; 38:13; 70:2; 70:3; 71:10; Proverbs 1:19;
7:23; 12:10; 13:3; 23:14; Isaiah 10:18; 43:4; Jeremiah 2:34; 4:30; 34:20-21;
38:2; 38:16; 39:18; 40:15; 44:30; 45:5; 49:37; Ezekiel 17:17; 18:4; 18:20;
18:27; 22:25; 22:27; Jonah 4:3; 4:6. The
"nehphesh [soul]" of the Old Testament is an earthly being, man,
animal, or sea creature, living or dead. It can die, it can be dead, be killed,
be sought to kill, be smote, die from a lack of food or water, be cut off, be
murdered, be delivered from death, be born, live, sorrow, eat, drink water,
desire, be discontented, be grieved, be bound with a bond, be affected,
loathes, lust, have anguish, etc. Not one of the about 870 times that
nehphesh is used does it have reference to an invisible, immaterial part of a
person that has no substance and cannot die.
Summary: ABOUT ONE THIRD OF ABOUT 976 USES OF BOTH
NEHPHESH IN THE OLD TESTAMENT AND PSUKEE IN THE NEW TESTAMENT ARE ASSOCIATED
WITH THE DEATH OF THE SOUL (PERSON). Some [nehpheshs - souls] are dead. Some
are dying. Some are in fear of death. Some have those who are trying to kill
them. Some are saved from death, etc. ON
THE OTHER HAND, IN THE 870 TIMES IT IS USED, NOT ONE TIME IS IT SAID TO BE
DEATHLESS OR IMMORTAL.
This clearly shows
that the meaning of the Hebrew word nehphesh is something that is not immortal
and that it can die or that it already is dead. There is no other word in the
Bible which could be translated into Plato's immortal soul; therefore, the
translators had to use this one and hide, the best they could, the fact that
nehphesh can and does die.
- - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - -
The Companion Bible,
Appendix 13 says nehphesh [life - soul] is used:
- - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - -
Just one of the many
examples of the absurdity of the translations of nehphesh in the King James
Version with the meaning of "soul" as it is used today, an invisible,
no substance something in a person that no one has ever seen or can see and it
is immortal and cannot die. "For mine enemies speak against me; and they
that lay wait for my soul [nehphesh]
take counsel together" [Psalms 70:10]. How could anyone lay in wait
(ambush) for an undying invisible inter part of a person that no one can see
and how could anyone kill something that cannot die that they could see it?
"DELIVER MY SOUL" [nehphesh] Psalms 17:13 in today's English would be "SAVE
MY LIFE" [nehphesh].
Many more times "soul"
[nehphesh] would only make sense if translated "life." To apply today's meaning, "an undying invisible inter part of man" makes many
passages be total nonsense. Today's meaning of "soul" is very different from the meaning of nehphesh in
Biblical times, which make "soul"
be a mistranslation. When anyone reads the Bible and reads "soul" and knows only what the word "soul" means today, they cannot understand what God said.
Many English translations use "soul"
and "person"
interchangeable. The Revised Standard uses "person"
frequently where the King James used "soul."
The problem is that most English readers would not know that when they say a "person" died, that they are
hiding the fact that "person" [soul - nehphesh] is
the same word that is translated "soul"
in many places. Why did some translators do this? Was it because they did not
believe an immortal "soul"
can die, but a person can die? If the "soul" [soul - nehphesh] dies,
it would not be immortal; therefore, they were forced to use "person" or "life" in many places to hide
the fact from you that the nehphesh can die. THE TRUTH IS THAT THEY WERE TRYING
TO PUT "SOUL" WITH TODAY'S MEANING IN THE BIBLE WHERE IT IS NOT. If
they had been consistent in translating, they would not have been able to put
the doctrine of an undying soul in the Bible.
"The
Lord of hosts has sworn by Himself [soul - nehphesh]" [Jeremiah 51:14]. By His own being or
person. God "could swear by no one
greater, He swore by Himself [psukee
- soul]" [Hebrews 6:13]. Not
even the King James translators wanted God to have an invisible inter part that
would live after the rest of Him was dead. God's nehphesh and man's nehphesh
are their being, person, not just an invisible inter part of a person.
ALL THE OLD TESTAMENT WORDS, WHICH ARE TRANSLATED LIFE, SPIRIT,
BREATH, OR SOUL, ARE ALL USED REFERRING TO BOTH PERSONS AND ANIMALS.
EVERY WORD THAT IS USED TO PROVE A PERSON HAS AN IMMORTAL SOUL OR SPIRIT WOULD
ALSO PROVE ALL BREATHING CREATURES HAVE AN IN IMMORTAL SOUL IF THEY PROVED A
PERSON DOES.
[1] Nehphesh/soul-life:
It is used to describe all living beings.
[2] Nshahmah: Is also used to
describe all living being/breath of
life: All living things that breathes [Used 24 times].
á
Used to describe
man "Breathed into his
nostrils the BREATH of life" Genesis 2:7; 1 Kings 17:17; Job 27:3.
á
Used to describe
man and animals have the same nshahmah [breath of life-spirit].
á "All in whose nostrils was the BREATH [nshahmah] of the spirit of life, of all that was on
the dry land, died" Genesis 7:22. All living being, man and animals
á "But of the cities of these peoples, that Jehovah your
God gives you for an inheritance, you shall save alive nothing that BREATHS [nshahmah]" Deuteronomy
20:16. All living being, man and animals
á "So Joshua smote all the land, the hill-country, and
the South, and the lowland, and the slopes, and all their kings: he left none
remaining, but he utterly destroyed all that BREATHED [nshahmah]" Joshua 10:40. All living being,
man and animals
á "And they smote all the souls that were therein with
the edge of the sword, utterly destroying them; there were none left that
BREATHED [nshahmah]"
Joshua 11:11. All living being, man and animals